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绝密★启用前2024年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语全卷共12页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。考生注意：1.答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在试题卷和答题纸规定的位置上。2.答题时，请按照答题纸上“注意事项”的要求，在答题纸相应的位置上规范作答，在本试题卷上的作答一律无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt A.￡19.15. B.￡9.15.C.￡9.15.答案是C.1.What is Kate doing A.Boarding a flight B.Arranging a trip. C.Seeing a friend off.2.What are the speakers talking about A.A pop star.B.An old songC.A radio program3.What will the speakers do today A.Go to an art showB.Meet the man's auntC.Eat out with Mark4.What does the man want to do A.Cancel an order. B.Ask for a receiptC.Reschedule a delivery.5.When will the next train to Bedford leave A.At9;45.B.At 10:15.C.At 11:00.第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.What will the weather be like today A.Stormy.B.Sunny.C.Foggy.7.What is the man going to do A.Plant a tree.B.Move his carC.Check the map:听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Why is Kathy in California now A.She is on vacation there.B.She has just moved there.C.She is doing business there.9.What is the relationship between Tom and Fiona A.Husband and wife B.Brother and sister C.Father and daughter10.What does Kathy thank Dave for A.Finding her a new job. B.Sending her a present. C.Calling on her mother.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.How did Jack go to school when he was a child A.By bike.B.On foot.C.By bus.12.What is Jack's attitude toward parents driving their kids to school A.Disapproving.B.Encouraging C.Understanding.13.What is the problem with some parents according to the woman A.Overprotecting their childrenB.Pushing their children too hardC.Having no time for their children听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Why did Marie post her kitchen gardening online at first A.To keep records of her progress.B.To sell home-grown vegetables.C.To motivate her fellow gardeners.15.Why does Marie recommend beginners to grow strawberries A.They need no special care.B.They can be used in cooking.C.They bear a lot of fruit soon.16.What is difficult for Marie to grow A.Herbs. B.Carrots.C.Pears.17.What is Marie's advice to those interested in kitchen gardening A.Aim high. B.Keep focusedC.Stay optimistic听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.What is “Life of Johnson” A.A magazine column B.ATV series.C.Ahistorical novel.19.What is Johnson famous for A.His acting talent B.His humorous writing. C.His long sports career.20.When did Johnson join Sports Times A.In 1981.B.In 1983.C.In 1985.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AHABITAT RESTORATIONTEAMHelp restore and protect Marin's natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge. We'll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive (侵入的) plant removal winter planting,and seed collection.Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys.GROUPSGroups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance. Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request FormAGE, SKILLS, WHATTO BRINGVolunteers aged 10 and over are welcome. Read our Youth Policy Guidelines for youth under the age of 15.Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form. Volunteers under the age of 18 must have the parent/guardian approval section signed.We'll be working rain or shine. Wear clothes that can get dirty. Bring layers for changing weather and a raincoat if necessary.Bring a personal water bottle,sunscreen,and lunch.No experience necessary. Training and tools will be provided. Fulfils (满足) community service requirements.UPCOMING EVENTSTimeMeeting LocationSunday,Jan.1510:00am-1:00pm Battery Alexander TrailheadSunday,Jan.2210:00am-2:30pm Stinson Beach Parking LoSunday,Jan.299:30am-2:30pm Coyote Ridge Trailhead21.What is the aim of the Habitat Restoration Team A.To discover mineral resources.B.To develop new wildlife parksC.To protect the local ecosystemD.To conduct biological research.22.What is the lower age limit for joining the Habitat Restoration Team A.5.B.10.C.15.D.18.23.What are the volunteers expected to do A.Bring their own toolsB.Work even in bad weather.C.Wear a team uniformD.Do at least three projectsB“I am not crazy,”says Dr.William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture (针灸) on a rabbit."I am ahead of my time."If he seems a little defensive,it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods. But Farber is certain he'll have the last laugh.He's one of a small but growing number of American veterinarians(兽医)now practicing "holistic" medicine-combining traditional Western treatments with acupuncture, chiropractic (按摩疗法) and herbal medicineFarber, a graduate of Colorado State University,started out as a more conventional veterinarian. He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief.Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice,and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments.What worked on a veterinarian seemed likely to work on his patients.So, after studying the techniques for a couple of years, he began offering them to pets.Leigh Tindale's dog Charlie had a serious heart condition. After Charlie had a heart attack, Tindale says, she was prepared to put him to sleep, but Farber's treatments eased her dog's suffering so much that she was able to keep him alive for an additional five months.And Priscilla Dewing reports that her horse, Nappy,“moves more easily and rides more comfortably"after a chiropractic adjustment.Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time,and if the past is any indication, he may be right:Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700.“Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well," he says.“I will do anything to hep an animal.That's my job."24.What do some of Farber's coworkers think of him A.He's odd. B.He's strict C.He's brave. D.He's rude.25.Why did Farber decide to try acupuncture on pets A.He was trained in it at university. B.He was inspired by another veterinarianC.He benefited from it as a patient. D.He wanted to save money for pet owners.26.What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about A.Steps of a chiropractic treatmentB.The complexity of veterinarians' work.C.Examples of rare animal diseases. D.The effectiveness of holistic medicine27.Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association A.To prove Farber's pointB.To emphasize its importance.C.To praise veterinariansD.To advocate animal protectionCIs comprehension the same whether a person reads a text on screen or on paper And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material The answers to both questions are often“no.”The reasons relate to a variety of factors,including reduced concentration, an entertainment mindset(心态)and a tendency to multitask while consuming digital contentWhen reading texts of several hundred words or more,learning is generally more successful when it's on paper than on screen. A large amount of research confirms this finding. The benefits of print reading particularly shine through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks - like identifying the main idea in a reading passage - to ones that require mental abstraction-such as drawing inferences from a textThe differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper's physical properties.With paper,there is a literal laying on of hands, along with the visual geography of distinct pages.People often link their memory of what they've read to how far into the book it was or where it was on the page.But equally important is the mental aspect.Reading researchers have proposed a theory called "shallowing hypothesis(假说)." According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading printAudio(音频)and video can feel more engaging than text,and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies - say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person. However, psychologists have demonstrated that when adults read news stories, they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces.Digital texts,audio and video all have educational roles,especially when providing resources not available in print. However,for maximizing learning where mental focus and reflection are called for, educators shouldn't assume all media are the same,even when they contain identical words28.What does the underlined phrase“shine through”in paragraph2 mean A.Seem unlikely to lastB.Seem hard to explainC.Become ready to useD.Become easy to notice.29.What does the shallowing hypothesis assume A.Readers treat digital texts lightly. B.Digital texts are simpler to understand.C.People select digital texts randomlyD.Digital texts are suitable for social media.30.Why are audio and video increasingly used by university teachers A.They can hold students' attention. B.They are more convenient to prepare.C.They help develop advanced skills.D.They are more informative than text.31.What does the author imply in the last paragraph A.Students should apply multiple learning techniquesB.Teachers should produce their own teaching materialC.Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in educationD.Education outside the classroom cannot be ignoredDIn the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos,videos,and other digital records. Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area, a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect.“With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application,"said Barnabas Daru,who is lead author of the study and assistant professor of biology in the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences. “These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens (标本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable ”Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data are present actual global biodiversity patterns.“We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it," said Daru.Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage.Moreover,these data are biased and favor certain regions,time periods, and species. This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby.These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive or eye-catching features.What can we do with the imperfect datasets of biodiversity “Quite a lot,”Daru explained.“Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of over sampled areas and lead them to places-and even species -that are not well-sampled. To improve the quality of observational data,biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image.”32.What do we know about the records of species collected now A.They are becoming outdated. B.They are mostly in electronic form.C.They are limited in number.D.They are used for public exhibition.33.What does Daru's study focus on A.Threatened species.B.Physical specimens.C.Observational data.D.Mobile applications.34.What has led to the biases according to the study A.Mistakes in data analysis.B.Poor quality of uploaded picturesC.Improper way of samplingD.Unreliable data collection devices35.What is Daru's suggestion for biodiversity apps A.Review data from certain areas.B.Hire experts to check the records.C.Confirm the identity of the users.D.Give guidance to citizen scientists.第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Not all great writers are great spellers.If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿).36No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctlyI keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典) I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker.37Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus._____38__ It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar,but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.In addition,I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course,with its 2,672 pages, it's not exactly short. It contains around 163,000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. 39 However,if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there's nothing betterFor well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. “To make dictionaries is dull(乏味) work,”wrote Johnson,illustrating one definition of “dull”40A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experienceA.I don't often use this dictionary.B.It takes no account of the context.C.But I still don't want to replace them.D.But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.E.Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.F.That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.G.Dictionaries don't always give you enough information第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。I've been motivated-and demotivated-by other folks' achievements all my life.When I was a teenager,a neighborhood friend 41 a marathon race.Feeling motivated, I started running 42 , but then two things happened.First,a girl I met one day told me she was 43 for a “super,” referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon.Then, the next day I went on my longest run-15 miles.To be honest, I 44 it!Between the girl making my 45 seem small and the pure boredom of jogging,I decided that the only 46 I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!So I 47 cycling. I got a good bike and rode a lot. I 48 of entering cycle races until I flew to San Die go to visit my sister.While she was at work one day, I 49 her bike and went for a ride.The 50 :The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time. I’d never faced such 51 . That day, I got 52 by about 100 “local” bikers who were used to such roads. When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn't seem quite as 53 .I've 54 a lot since then. I've come to accept that whatever 55 I set for myself they just have to be my own.41.A.knewB.heldC.wonD.quit42.A.regularlyB.silentlyC.proudlyD.recently43.A.askingB.lookingC.waitingD.training44.A.madeB.believedC.hatedD.deserved45.A.advantage B.achievement C.contributionD.influence46.A.wayB.riskC.placeD.reason47.A.gave up B.went onC.turned toD.dealt with48.A.heardB.dreamedC.complainedD.approved49.A.paintedB.borrowedC.boughtD.parked50.A.problemB.secretC.principleD.advice51.A.dangersB.eventsC.opponentsD.challenges52.A.passedB.convincedC.admiredD.stopped53.A.reliableB.convenientC.familiarD.appealing54.A.traveledB.maturedC.missedD.worried55.A.limitsB.datesC.goals D.tests第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust's Woolbeding Gardens.This beautiful structure,named Glasshouse,is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times.The latest 56__________ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective 57 __________ (function) structure that is also beautiful.The design features ten steel“sepals(尊片)” made of glass and aluminium(铝).These sepals open on warm days 58________ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air.In cold weather, the structure stays 59.__________ (close)to protect the plantsFurther, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse 60._______(walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road,by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 61_______ first time.These plants included modern Western 62________ (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road.The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too.The Glasshouse stands 63 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 64_________ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the 65_________(rich) of gardening in England.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华，上周五你们班在公园上了一堂美术课。请你给英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：(1)你完成的作品； (2)你的感想。注意：(1)写作词数应为80个左右；(2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。I met Gunter on a cold,wet and unforgettable evening in September. I had planned to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague fora conference. Due to a big storm,my flight had been delayed by an hour and a half. I touched down in Viennajust30 minutes before the departure of the last bus to Prague. The moment I got off the plane, I ran like crazy through the airport building and jumped into the first taxi on the rank without a second thought.That was when I met Gunter. I told him where I was going, but he said he hadn't heard of the bus station. I thought my pronunciation was the problem, so I explained again more slowly, but he still looked confused.When I was about to give up, Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend.After a heated discussion that lasted for what seemed like a century Gunter put his phone down and started the car.Finally,with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station.Thankfully, there was a long queue(队列)still waiting to board the bus. Gunter parked the taxi behind the bus,turned around,and looked at me with a big smile on his face."We made it,"he said.Just then I realised that I had zero cash in my wallet. I flashed him an apologetic smile as I pulled out my Portuguese bankcard. He tried it several times, but the card machine just did not play along. A feeling of helplessness washed over me as I saw the bus queue thinning out.At this moment, Gunter pointed towards the waiting hall of the bus station. There, at the entrance, was a cash machine. I jumped out of the car, made a mad run for the machine, and popped my card in, only to read the message: “Out of order. Sorry.”注意：(1)续写词数应为150个左右；(2)请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news.Four days later,when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised.A 篇21.C 22.B 23.B【解析】21.推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“Help restore and protect Marin's natural areas from the Marin Headlands to Bolinas Ridge. We'll explore beautiful park sites while conducting invasive (侵入的) plant removal winter planting,and seed collection.Habitat Restoration Team volunteers play a vital role in restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys.”可知，栖息地恢复团队的目的是保护当地的生态系统。故选C。22.细节理解题。根据文章AGE, SKILLS, WHATTO BRING部分中的“Volunteers aged 10 and over are welcome.”可知，加入栖息地恢复团队的最低年龄限制是10岁。故选B。23.推理判断题。根据文章AGE, SKILLS, WHATTO BRING部分中的“We'll be working rain or shine.”可知，志愿者们即使在恶劣的天气下也要工作。【答案】BB篇24A 25C 26D 27A解析：24. 从文章第一段的 "If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods." 可以推断出，Farber的一些同事认为他的方法不寻常甚至有些奇怪。因此，选项A“He's odd.”是正确的。25. 根据文章第二段的描述，Farber在遭受背痛后尝试了针灸治疗，并取得了很好的效果。这启发了他将这些方法应用到他的兽医工作中。所以正确答案是C“He benefited from it as a patient.”26. 第三段通过两个具体的例子（Leigh Tindale的狗Charlie和Priscilla Dewing的马Nappy）来说明整体医学对动物的积极影响。这表明该段落主要讨论的是整体医学的有效性，因此正确答案是D“The effectiveness of holistic medicine”。27. 文章最后一段提到美国整体兽医医学协会的成员从1982年的30人增长到超过700人，这一数据支持了Farber的观点，即整体医学会随着时间的推移而变得更受欢迎。因此，作者提到这个组织是为了证明Farber的观点，正确答案是A“To prove Farber's point”。C篇28.**解析：**“Shine through”在文中表示“脱颖而出”，即印刷阅读的益处变得明显和容易注意到。因此，正确的选项是D，表示这种好处变得容易被察觉。答案：D.29.**解析：**浅层假设（shallowing hypothesis）提出，人们在处理数字文本时的心态类似于社交媒体，通常不严肃，投入的心理努力较少。这表明读者可能轻视电子文本。因此，正确选项为A。**解析：**音频和视频因其更具吸引力而越来越多地被大学教师使用，这可以更好地保持学生的注意力。因此，正确答案是A。31**解析：**最后一段指出，尽管数字文本、音频和视频在教育中都有其作用，但为了最大化学习效果，特别是在需要心理专注和反思的情况下，教育工作者不应假定所有媒介都是相同的，即使它们包含相同的文字。这表明作者认为打印文本在教育中仍不可完全替代。因此，正确选项是C。D篇32.**解析：** 根据第一段的信息，目前大多数生物多样性的记录通常是照片、视频和其他数字记录的形式。这表明这些记录主要是电子形式的。因此，正确答案是B。33.**解析：** 根据第二段Daru的话，他提到了观察数据（observational data）的使用情况和可靠性，这是他们研究的重点。因此，正确答案是C。34.**解析：** 根据第四段Daru的话，他们特别感兴趣的是探索采样方面可能使数据产生偏差的因素，如公民科学家更倾向于拍摄开花植物而不是旁边的草。这表明是采样方式不当导致了偏差。因此，正确答案是C。**解析：** 根据最后一段Daru的解释，生物多样性应用程序可以使用他们的研究结果来告知用户哪些区域被过度采样，并引导他们到那些采样不足的地方或物种。这表明他的建议是为公民科学家提供指导。因此，正确答案是D。七选五：【解析】36.F 考查上下文推理能力。根据后文No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly可知，这意味着良好的语法和没有拼写错误。故选F。37.B， "它不考虑上下文" 正确地反映了作者对电子拼写检查工具的看法，即这些工具可能无法充分理解单词在具体语境中的正确用法，从而导致拼写检查不够准确。这与作者倾向于使用传统纸质词典的原因相符合，因为纸质词典能提供更全面的信息，包括词义、发音、用法等，而不仅仅是拼写。38.E 考查上下文推理能力。根据后文It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar,but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced可知，当然，字典不仅仅是为了拼写。故选E。39.A 考查上下文推理能力。根据后文However,if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there's nothing better可知，我不经常使用这本字典。故选A。40.D 考查上下文推理能力。根据后文A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience可知，但阅读字典是一种乐趣。完形填空【解析】41．C 考查动词辨析。A知道；B举行；C赢得；D放弃。根据下文的“I started running regularly”可知，作者的朋友赢得了马拉松比赛。故选C。42．A 考查副词辨析。A有规律地；B沉默地；C自豪地；D最近。根据上文的“a neighborhood friend won a marathon race”可知，作者开始有规律地跑步。故选A。43．D 考查动词辨析。A问；B看；C等待；D训练。根据下文的“referring to a 52.4-mile double marathon”可知，这个女孩在为超级马拉松训练。故选D。44．C 考查动词辨析。A制作；B相信；C讨厌；D应得。根据下文的“Between the girl making my achievement seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only reason I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me!”可知，作者讨厌跑步了。故选C。45．B 考查名词辨析。A优势；B成就；C贡献；D影响。根据上文的“a neighborhood friend won a marathon race”和“I started running regularly”可知，此处指作者的成就。故选B。46．D 考查名词辨析。A方法；B风险；C地方；D原因。根据上文的“but then two things happened”可知，作者决定以后唯一再跑步的原因是一只大狗追着他跑。故选D。47．C 考查动词短语辨析。A放弃；B继续；C转向；D处理。根据下文的“I got a good bike and rode a lot.”可知，作者转向骑自行车了。故选C。48．B 考查动词辨析。A听说；B梦想；C抱怨；D批准。根据下文的“entering cycle races”可知，作者梦想着参加自行车比赛。故选B。49．B 考查动词辨析。A绘画；B借；C买；D停车。根据上文的“until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister”可知，作者借了姐姐的自行车去骑行。故选B。50．A 考查名词辨析。A问题；B秘密；C原则；D建议。根据下文的“The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time.”可知，作者在那里遇到了问题。故选A。51．D 考查名词辨析。A危险；B事件；C对手；D挑战。根据上文的“The roads there went through large valleys where I'd be riding uphill for miles at a time.”可知，作者从来没有面对过这样的挑战。故选D。52．A 考查动词辨析。A通过；B说服；C钦佩；D停止。根据下文的“When I got back home, suddenly riding my bike didn't seem quite as appealing.”可知，那天，作者被大约100个当地车手超过了。故选A。53．D 考查形容词辨析。A可靠的；B方便的；C熟悉的；D吸引人的。根据上文的“That day, I got passed by about 100 ‘local’ bikers who were used to such roads.”可知，当作者回到家时，突然觉得骑自行车不那么吸引人了。故选D。54．B 考查动词辨析。A旅行；B成熟；C错过；D担心。根据下文的“I've come to accept that whatever goals I set for myself they just have to be my own.”可知，从那以后，作者成熟了很多。故选B。55．C 考查名词辨析。A限制；B日期；C目标；D测试。根据上文的“entering cycle races”可知，作者为自己设定的任何目标都必须是自己的。故选C。语法填空答案和解析【答案】56. engineering 57. functional 58. to give 59. closed 60. walks 61. the 62. favourites63. as 64. which/that 65. richness【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了希瑟威克工作室最近在国家信托基金的伍尔贝丁花园边缘建造了一座温室，这座美丽的建筑名为“玻璃屋”，位于一个新花园的中心，展示了丝绸之路是如何影响现代英国花园的。56.考查形容词。句意：最新的工程工艺被用来创造这个既实用又漂亮的保护性结构。此处用形容词作定语修饰名词techniques，故填engineering。57.考查形容词。句意同上。根据句意以及后文“that is also beautiful”可知此处应使用形容词functional，与beautiful并列，作定语修饰structure。故填functional。58.考查非谓语动词。句意：这些花瓣在温暖的天气里打开，给里面的植物阳光和新鲜空气。分析句子结构可知give在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且本句中已有谓语动词open，此处为非谓语动词，且此处表示目的，故应用不定式作目的状语。故填to give。59.考查形容词。句意：在寒冷的天气里，这个结构保持关闭以保护植物。结合句意表示“关闭的”短语为stay closed。故填closed。60.考查时态。句意：此外，温室周围的丝绸之路花园带领游客踏上一段受古代丝绸之路影响的旅程，通过这条丝绸之路，丝绸和许多植物物种首次来到英国。此处陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，主语为the Silk Route Garden，谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填walks。61.考查冠词。句意同上。结合句意表示“第一次”短语为for the first time。故填the。62.考查可数名词复数。句意：这些植物包括现代西方人喜爱的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。favourite为可数名词，前面没有冠词修饰，故应用复数形式。故填favourites。63.考查介词。句意：玻璃屋是当代设计的一大成就，它位于一条追溯丝绸之路脚步的小径尽头，这条小径将植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的大部分财富。结合句意表示“作为”短语为stand as。故填as。64.考查定语从句。此处为定语从句修饰先行词the steps，且先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。65.考查不可数名词。句意同上。rich为形容词，前面有定冠词the修饰，故此处应用名词作宾语，richness为抽象名词，不可数。故填richness。第四部分写作应用文【解析】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态应为一般过去时和一般现在时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 介绍你完成的作品；2. 你的感想。第二步：列提纲（重点词组）an art class; in a park; a landscape painting; the beauty of nature; be amazed at; have a deeper understanding of; be interested in; encourage sb. to do sth.第三步：连词成句1. I'm writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday.2. I completed a landscape painting, which was highly praised by my teacher and classmates.B. The scenery in the picture is so vivid that it seems as if one can feel the breath of the nature.4. I was totally amazed at the beauty of nature and I had a deeper understanding of art.5. I hope this will encourage you to come and experience our school life someday.第四步：连句成篇（加入衔接词或从句）表示并列补充关系：What is more; Besides; Moreover; Furthermore; In addition As well as; not only. .. but（also）； including;B. 表示转折对比关系：However; On the contrary; but; Although +clause（从句）； In spite of+n/doing; On the one hand. .. .On the other hand. .. Some. .. while others. .. .as for; so. .that. ..表示因果关系：Because; As; So; Thus; Therefore; As a result.表示时间顺序：Firstly; Secondly; Thirdly finally; first of all; in the end; at last; later; afterwards; after that; since then; from now on; at the beginning; in the middle; at the same time; meanwhile; in the meantime; then; soon; until; before; after; when; while; as soon as; as long as; once upon a time; the next moment; hardly. .. when. .. no sooner. .. than. ..第五步：修改润色（注意全文中时态语态以及人称的一致性）【答案】Dear Chris,I'm writing to share with you an art class I had in a park last Friday. We went out of the classroom and enjoyed the beautiful scene in the park. I completed a landscape painting, which was highly praised by my teacher and classmates. The scenery in the picture is so vivid that it seems as if one can feel the breath of the nature. I was totally amazed at the beauty of nature and I had a deeper understanding of art. I hope this will encourage you to come and experience our school life someday.Yours,Li Hua第二节读后续写【解析】1. 段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“我跑回冈特身边，告诉他坏消息。”可知，第一段可描写作者在取不出钱后，冈特主动提出让作者先上车，并承诺下次见面时作者再还给他。②由第二段首句内容“四天后，当我回到维也纳时，我如约给冈特打电话。”可知，第二段可描写作者和冈特在电话中的对话，作者表达了自己的感激之情，冈特则表示帮助别人是理所应当的。2. 续写线索：告诉坏消息—主动借钱—表示感谢—互表祝福B. 词汇激活行为类①run back to 跑回；②tell sb sth 告知某人某事；③get on the bus 上车；④promise sb 向某人承诺；⑤ring up sb 给某人打电话；⑥express my gratitude to sb 对某人表达我的感激之情；⑦help sb out 帮助某人摆脱困难/解决难题；⑧pay off 还清（债务）情感类①grateful 感激的；②warm-hearted 热心肠的；③generous 慷慨大方的；④appreciative 欣赏的；⑤moved 感动的；⑥thankful 心存感激的；⑦hopeful 充满希望的其他类①at that moment 在那一刻；②as promised 如约；③take care of 照顾；照看【答案】I ran back to Gunter and told him the bad news. He looked at me, then at the bus which was about to leave, and finally at my worried face. "Get on the bus," he said, "and don't worry about it. We will sort this out next time we meet." I thanked him over and over again as I boarded the bus. Then, before the door closed, I turned around, waved goodbye and shouted, "I will call you when I return to Vienna!" 72Four days later, when I was back in Vienna, I called Gunter as promised. I expressed my gratitude to him for helping me out with the money so that I could get on the bus to Prague. "It's not a big deal," Gunter said warm-heartedly, "I'm just glad that I could help you out." "You are so generous that I will never forget you," I replied. "Take care of yourself and I hope we can meet some day," Gunter said. "Me too," I answered. Then we wished each other all the best and hung up. 81

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